Lower back pain

What Can Cause Lower Back Pain?

An important fact is that lower back pain is among the leading causes of work absenteeism worldwide. This highlights the significant social, economic, and individual impact this condition has on the population.

There are various underlying causes of back pain.

We distinguish between chronic (persistent) and acute (sudden-onset) pain. Chronic pain refers to complaints that have been present for a long time, lasting weeks, months, or even years, often affecting daily life. Acute pain refers to sudden, intense symptoms that have been present for only a few hours or days.

The most common causes include:

Herniated disc
Facet joint osteoarthritis
Pain originating from spinal ligaments and muscles
Spinal deformities
Inflammation or infection
Tumors
Vertebral fractures (due to osteoporosis or trauma)

Sideways Woman Having Backache While Working From Home

What Can I Do to Prevent or Reduce Back Pain?

A thorough examination precedes any question about treatment.

In addition to their expertise and years of domestic and international experience, our specialists utilize a range of modern diagnostic tools to establish the most accurate diagnosis and recommend a personalized therapy plan.

Identifying the source of the pain is essential for developing an effective treatment plan. At our clinic, every case begins with a physical examination, which may be complemented by imaging studies or other tests (e.g., nerve conduction studies). High-quality, high-resolution imaging - particularly MRI - is indispensable for obtaining a complete understanding of the processes underlying lower back pain.

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Elements of the Examination:

Detailed Medical History
At our clinic, gathering the patient’s medical history begins even before the consultation. Patients are asked to complete a detailed, problem-focused online questionnaire and upload any prior test results in advance.
Consultation and Physical Examination
During the in-person consultation, our medical assistants and specialists work to establish the most accurate diagnosis. They review the previously submitted information, analyze any imaging brought to the visit (which is essential), and perform all necessary physical examinations relevant to the diagnosis.
Imaging Studies
Imaging is essential for a clearer understanding of the condition. Depending on the problem, symptoms, and medical history, this may include X-ray, CT, or MRI. In some cases, additional specialized imaging may also be required.
Specialized Tests
In certain situations, supplementary evaluations or consultations with other specialties may be necessary for an accurate diagnosis. These could include orthopedic or rheumatology consultations, electrophysiological tests (ENG and EMG), or a neurological assessment.
Diagnostic Blocks
The spine consists of 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar vertebrae. Even the most precise physical and imaging examinations cannot always identify the exact vertebra causing pain. In such cases, a diagnostic block may be performed, in which medication is injected into specific spinal structures (e.g., facet joints) under image guidance (X-ray, ultrasound, CT). Patients are then asked to maintain a pain diary, which helps assess the effectiveness of the intervention.